The article presents information about the training program "Use of information technologies in engineering, scientific, administrative and management activities", developed within the framework of the project of the "Engineering open public forum of scientific and technological activities, social and technological entrepreneurship "rozmys", which is carried out using the grant of the President of the Russian Federation for the development of civil society, provided by the presidential grants Fund. The program is intended for a wide range of engineers and specialists of industrial enterprises, scientists, research engineers, University professors, specialists in the field of administrative and management activities. In it, participants are invited to master a number of professional competencies in the field of organizational management using computer modeling. Forms of training are distance video lectures and practical classes. For each topic, an intermediate test is carried out, and their results are put up a final assessment. Participants who have successfully completed the training receive a certificate confirming the passage of 16 hour refresher course on our program.

Keywords: distance education, advanced training, organizational management, computer modeling, computer simulators

the article attempts to build a causal model of social exclusion from the standpoint of the concept of "life situation". To build such a model by means of cause-and-effect analysis, it is necessary to find a thematically relevant starting point, from which in the future, in the dichotomous sense, observations will be made about the exclusion or inclusion in a particular subsystem of society, which will allow to determine a set of indicators to measure inclusion in each specific situation. Next, it is possible to set the degree of inclusion in the appropriate subsystem.

Keywords: social exclusion, social inclusion, life situation, life chances, causal model of exclusion

The object of research in the presented work is the influence of photogrammetric and internal refractions on the definition of linear elements of external orientation. At the conclusion of photogrammetry formulas it is supposed that the light beam is a straight line from the object to the center of the projection. In fact a beam of light passing through the atmosphere layers of various density is bent. This bend is called refraction. The determination of the elements of internal and external orientation and corrections to the coordinates of the points of the image by control points is based upon a decision of the spatial photogrammetric back-sight. Compared to the rigorous method a simpler method for solving the spatial photogrammetric back-sight is suggested which validity check performed by the modeling method showed its rather high accuracy.

Keywords: photogrammetry, back-sight, spatial photogrammetric back-sight, refraction, elements of internal and external orientation, control points, modeling method

Research of models of formation of integration projects on the basis of points of growth reveals a number of important aspects related to the stages and management of their implementation. The focus on the formation and support of growth points essentially excludes the use of unary models in the planning and implementation of projects within the framework of national programs. In order to overcome the limitations imposed by this type of project, various integrative mechanisms are proposed. The peculiarity of the considered binary models describing the integration mechanisms is the preservation of the basic cycle of the project points of growth within the national program. However, the introduction of additional contours in the model with growth accelerators, with related or integrated projects, as well as attracted resources can reduce the risks caused by high rates of development and innovation issues. The integration potential of the binary model with the project of the growth point in the basic circuit generates a dynamic competitive advantage, i.e. a sustainable, increasing advantage over time that is not related to the amount of initial funding. This advantage generates a powerful growth cycle that can provide a significant increase in profitability over a long period of time. The integrative nature of growth point projects should be envisaged already at the planning stage of national programmes with appropriate monitoring and funding instruments.

Keywords: Decree of the President of Russia, southern Federal district, points of growth, model, project, program, integration, mechanism

Modern distributed temperature control systems are used today everywhere, in particular, in the telemetry of oil and gas wells. Thus, when creating a distributed fiber-optic temperature sensor based on Raman scattering (DTS) for these purposes, the problem of improving its metrological characteristics always remains urgent. They are in turn determined by the known SNR (signal-to-noise ratio, SNR from English Signal-to-Noise Ratio). To achieve this goal, it is proposed to use a promising method of increasing the SNR in the DTS based on encoding the probing sensor signal by the Hadamard code sequences (simplex coding). For this purpose, a numerical experiment is carried out to implement this coding method using the DTS model and taking into account the noise of the photodetector device. The article presents the simulation results, confirms the effectiveness of the coding method, and summarizes the results of the simulation.

Keywords: distributed fiber optic temperature sensor, Raman scattering, photodetector device, noise, signal-to-noise ratio, optical pulse encoding, Hadamard code, simplex coding

The article presents a hardware genetic algorithm for the synthesis of finite state machines. Testing of the proposed genetic algorithm has shown that its use improves the quality of solving problems of the synthesis of finite automata in combination with a decrease in the time of obtaining a optimal solution (compared to algorithms known in this field). It also describes the hardware and software platform used to build evolutionary hardware. The system was testing by synthesis of finite state machine in the problem of "Smart Ant"

Keywords: evolutionary synthesis, finite state machines, genetic algorithms, evolutionary algorithms, evolutionary electronics

The article considers the application of criteria for assessing the quality of segmentation of digital images of sputum stained by the method of Ziehl–Neelsen to select the optimal parameter "Sigma" wavelet transform Mexican Hat. 830 digital images obtained by sputum smear microscopy were used as the study material. To assess the optimal selection of the parameter σ, we used the average number of objects selected in the images, the proportion of missed acid-resistant mycobacteria in the images, the homogeneity criterion and 3 complex criteria for assessing the quality of image segmentation. The analysis showed that with an increase in the parameter σ there is a slight decrease in the value of the homogeneity criterion. At the same time, the parameter σ increases from 2.4 and more according to the complex criteria, and the image segmentation quality improves. Thus, the most optimal values of the σ parameter of the Mexican Hat wavelet for segmentation of digital images of sputum stained by the cyl-Nielsen method are values in the range from 2.90 to 3.09.

Keywords: method Ziehl-Nielsen, image segmentation, quality evaluation criteria, wavelet transform, Mexican Hat

The application of the parameters of the modes of signal allocated using the extremal filtering algorithm is considered. The use and disadvantages of amplitude detectors are described. Use of attenuation are described and shows how to reduce the effect of ""overshoots"". It is proposed to use a combined sign for a more contrast extracting of detection areas. A method for reducing the labor intensity is presented, which consists in applying filtering directly to a number of extrema, without calculating the smoothed components.A method was chosen that allows the signal analysis algorithm to be adapted to work in real time.

Keywords: Security system, diagnostic signs, extreme filtering, mods, real time

This article reveals the scientific and theoretical approaches to the study of social issues in the language context. The authors attempt to present a two-dimensional model of giving the meaning to the modern verbal space. This model offers insights into the process of the formation of social scenarios that are fixed in the language space. In addition, the model developed by the authors provides a researcher with a complete picture of the dynamics of social processes in society, represented by addressing the phenomenon of language as a universal socio-cultural code

Keywords: semiotic model, verbal space, social scenario, discourse, language, social space, socio-cultural code, social phenomenon, sign system

The authors carried out in-situ studies of the distribution of the breakdown voltage values ​​of the F8CV engine of the Daewoo Matiz Diesel engine idling at a minimum engine speed (650 rpm) and with an increased crankshaft speed (2840 rpm). A histogram of the distribution of the values ​​of the breakdown voltage in the interelectrode gap of the spark plug is obtained for these operating modes of the internal combustion engine. It was revealed that at a minimum engine speed of the ICE crankshaft, the distribution of the cyclic values ​​of the breakdown voltages obeys the normal distribution law for a spread of 6-15 kV. At higher speeds, the distribution of the cyclic values ​​of the breakdown voltages differs from the normal distribution law. With an increase in the speed of the crankshaft, all values ​​of the breakdown voltage fall by 3-4 kV. This can be explained by homogenization of the mixture and an improvement in the conditions for breakdown of the spark plug interelectrode gap.

Keywords: ignition system, spark discharge, internal combustion engine, spark plugs, breakdown voltage, histogram

The article presents the developed cognitive model of tourism potential assessment, which allows to determine the prospects of development within the specific territory of the tourism and recreation cluster. The article describes the approach to the development of an integral indicator of tourism potential assessment, which should allow to determine the prospects of development within a specific territory of the tourism and recreational cluster. As part of the construction of an integral indicator, an algorithm for developing a system of indicators for assessing the tourist potential of the territory, based on the cognitive structuring of knowledge about the object, was proposed. In order to determine the functionally significant links between the system "Tourist potential of the territory" and the external environment, the study analyzed the connectivity of the structure, based on the study of simplicial complexes. As a result, a ranked list of factors of the "Tourist potential of the territory" system was obtained and the weight for each of them was determined, which allowed to form an integral indicator of the tourism potential assessment

Keywords: tourism and recreation cluster, cluster approach, tourism potential, cognitive research methodology, tourism potential assessment

Patterns of structure, functioning and development of technical systems are the Foundation of any research and are of paramount importance in the design of new technical systems. The active use of modern computer technology can effectively solve the problems of the basic problems of the General laws of the structure and development of technology - the establishment and application of isomorphic laws for technical objects of different nature, which, in turn, are an objective basis for discoveries, inventions and improvement of modern technology and technologies. The software system of the Bank "ORCHID", allows you to obtain information models of technological processes, using automatic construction options FS in accordance with the laws of the CU. This opens up the possibility to manage the efficiency of chemical synthesis at the information level and to predict the creation of new substances and materials and technological processes for their production.On the example of chemical technology the results of application of the author's conceptual technology are shown, which open General prospects for technical creativity - the possibility of obtaining patentable results of intellectual activity with a high degree of novelty and competitiveness.

Keywords: banks of fundamental knowledge, technical creativity, conceptual analysis and synthesis, patterns of development, obtaining patent solutions, ensuring novelty

The article provides a system analysis of the development of small and medium-sized businesses in the regions of the southern Federal district in recent years on the main indicators; describes the key problems of their development, provides suggestions for their solution, taking into account foreign experience

Keywords: system analysis, small and medium business, regions, southern Federal district, development problems, state support, property support

Today’s in the market of building materials there are a large number of roofing materials for pitched roofs. The materials for pitched roofs on the basis of its composition can be divided into mineral (cement concrete and clay roof tiles, asbestos cement sheets and tiles), metal (metal roof tile, profiled steel sheet, clicklock, composite roof shingles) and organic (asphalt shingle, onduline). All of these materials have their advantages and disadvantages, so the task of choosing the optimal option is complex and requires special methods to eliminate the subjectivity of evaluation. The article describes the approach to selecting the best option of roofing material from the available options by the set of its quantitative and qualitative characteristics. It is proposed to carry out the evaluation of options and selection of the best option based on the analytic hierarchy process. The article presents the results of the selection of the most appropriate roofing material for pitched roofs using the specified method.

Keywords: analytic hierarchy process, artificial intelligence, system analysis, decision-making, roofing materials

Based on the provided system analysis, a significant unevenness in the distribution of the number of Academic dissertation councils attributable to existing specialties has been established. It is shown that one group of specialties accounts for from 30 to 110 Academic dissertation councils, while for some others - from 1 to 3.

Keywords: dissertation council, specialty number, number of specialties, uneven distribution of specialties

In this article, using the decomposition approximation based on Norton's theorem, the authors present a mathematical model of the distributed information processing system based on the local computer network on file-server architecture with arbitrary functions of the distribution of service time of requests in the network nodes. A conceptual model of an equivalent two-node Queuing network is constructed, in which the first center of the network coincides with the i-th center of the original network with an arbitrary law of distribution of the duration of requests maintenance, and the second (composite), which is the equivalent of the rest of the network, has exponentially distributed service time, which depends on the number of messages in it. The basic mathematical expressions for calculating the intensity of service in the composition center, as well as expressions for calculating the average response time of the system to user requests are also presented.

Keywords: distributed information processing system, file-server architecture, decomposition approximation, queueing network, compositional center, intensity of service, the average response time of the system to user requests, conceptual model, normalizing constan

The article proposes a scheme of modernization of the gasoline engine to work on a gas-air mixture. This article discusses the technical characteristics of the engine on gasoline which is recommended by the manufacturer. The characteristics of the engine operation on the gas-air mixture without alterations, and the characteristics that the engine shows when working on the gas-air mixture with the already made changes are also given.

Keywords: car, gas equipment, intake valve, compression ratio, mixture pressure

The developed information and training system is intended for vocational guidance, initial training and advanced training of technological personnel of industrial enterprises associated with batching and pouring aluminum alloys of various brands. The system contains the necessary amount of theoretical information that describes the basic principles of aluminum production using the most well-known technological operations aimed at forming the required metal alloys with a given chemical composition. The functional of the system is close to reality, using only proven empirical data, as well as reliable models of the internal processes of the system, created using commonly known physical, chemical and mathematical laws. The process of interaction with the training system is controlled by an algorithm that monitors the order of execution of the main technological stages of aluminum production. The training system allows you to load previously prepared values ​​or to customize the new initial parameters of the system in the "Administrator" mode, corrected for various restrictions and interference that occur in production. The approach to the training of technological personnel is based on the use of the standard method of learning "trial and error", which allows a multiple search for a solution to the same or other similar technological problems in the formation of a metal alloy with specified chemical characteristics. The user's work with the training system is limited in time and is accompanied by the calculation of the total amount of production costs, taking into account the cost and availability of various technological operations and materials. To verify the results of the solution, an algorithm is used to find the optimal version of the ratio of the initial components of the charge, aimed at obtaining the best solution for the technological problem with the lowest cost of melting the required volume of metal. The search for the best variant of the solution of the technological problem of blending is calculated using the method of sequential optimization, in which the solution of the subtask in the previous step of calculations becomes the basis for subsequent calculations. Thus, the use of the information and training system makes it possible to improve the quality of final finished products, reduce energy costs of production, and reduce the prime cost of smelting each ton of metal by reducing the time indices of production and more rational use of material resources.

Keywords: information and training system, technological personnel, process modeling, aluminum grade, charge, alloying, chemical composition, cost of production, finished products

This work completes a series of articles about the peculiarities of the analysis of the situations in the geo-politically unstable regions of the modern world. The article discusses the possibility of forecasting the pro-cessses in the unstable areas (regions) of the contemporary world. It analyses the difficulties of the implementation of the forecasting procedure connected with the multifactor combination of the geopolitical processes in a turbulent environment. Under consideration are both traditional and innovative methods of forecasting processes in weakly structured, unstable regions and limitrophe areas. Special attention is given to the scenario method, «rand-scenario» in particular. It is being emphasized that in modern conditions the transition to the paradigm of "unsustainable development" as well as full attention to the analysis and forecasting systems with nonlinear dynamics is of great importance.

Keywords: the geopolitically unstable areas (regions), forecasting, forsythe, complex forsythe, events and chains of events, the projection of “the launching codes”, trend, scenario method, «rand-scenario», drivers, jokers, non-linear dynamics, destructors, synerge

The problem of transmitting an image in a transmitter-receiver system over a noisy data transmission channel in JPEG 2000 and JPWL format under conditions of a previously unknown and varying intensity of noise is considered. This task is considered for the conditions of the IP network. The article aims to build methods for estimating the intensity of noise by the JPWL decoding results in the receiver and dynamically adapting the parameters of the JPWL transmitter to the current assessment of the noise intensity, ensuring the highest quality of the decoded image with the shortest length of the transmitted encoded stream. An experimental study of the relationship between the parameters of JPWL, the intensity of noise and the quality of the decoded image was carried out. It is shown that for any JPWL parameter there is a region of one-to-one correspondence between the percentage of fully recovered tiles and the probability of losing a network packet. A technique for estimating the intensity of noise by the decoding results of a single image is described. This technique can be expanded to use the results of decoding a series of images.

Keywords: noisy channel, antinoise coding, noise intensity, decoding result, JPEG 2000, JPWL, experimental model

The approach to construction a computer model of a functional information converter based on element-wise operations with multidimensional tables of numbers is investigated. A numerical decision-making algorithm based on infinite-valued logic was built and verified (in particular, fuzzification, implication, aggregation, defuzzification algorithms). The mathematical, algorithmic and software model of fuzzy decoder of the positional bipolar code in a single-unit one is investigated. The transition from the initial model given in terms of three-valued logic to a similar system having an infinite logical basis is shown. The numerical algorithm has been tested and debugged in the GNU Octave mathematical computation package environment with minimal use of functions from the fuzzy-logic toolkit.

Keywords: decoder, single-unit code, functional converter, infinite-valued logic, t-norm, fuzzification, defizzification, implication, aggregation, three-valued logic, bipolar code

Scientific research to determine the optimal combination of technical means in the system of cleaning and sorting seeds. We carried out a system analysis of the current state of technical means of cleaning and sorting. The main task of promising research and development work is the development of a high-precision computer-based seed sorter with an electron-optical analyzer of their properties, including the internal structure of seeds. The main result of the use of a complex of technical means of electron-optical cleaning and sorting of seeds in the selection and seed production of grain crops is an increase in their yield.

Keywords: seeds, cleaning, sorting, photo separator, x-ray, IR spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy

State programs aimed at the development of breeding and seed production in Russia require research related to the creation of new intelligent technical systems implemented in breeding equipment, in particular in self-propelled breeding planters. As a promising direction, it is proposed to develop an intelligent technology for sowing seed and implement it on the basis of a self-propelled seed drill.

Keywords: Selection, technology of intellectual seeding, self-propelled seeder, import substitution

The article describes a method of processing, which allows to increase the efficiency of milling the end surfaces of the disks.

Keywords: Methods of metal machining, the parameters of cutting layer of metal, the cutting force, cutting modes

The article discusses the features of motor vehicle leasing. The advantages and disadvantages of this form of increasing and updating the rolling stock of the enterprise are formulated. The analytical data of this market segment are given.

Keywords: car, vehicle, motor vehicle leasing, rolling stock renewal, improving the competitiveness of an enterprise, market