Efficiency of algorithms of adaptive time sampling (ATS) is defined by signal compressibility. For a theoretical assessment compressibility of measuring signals dependence of the current step of measurement at ATS from dynamic properties of a signal is considered. Restoration of a signal in the course of ATS is made by an extrapolation polynom of Taylor of the first degree. Quality of approximation is established by criterion of uniform approach. For structural model of a signal the functional dependence of the current step of measurement on structural properties of a signal allowing determining on its basis the average duration of a step of measurement at ATS for expanded area of an admissible error of reproduction is received. The results received in the environment of Mathcad, illustrating restoration of a signal a polynom of the first degree, the discrete phase schedule and the current step of measurement corresponding to him on the phase plane are given as an example.

Keywords: Adaptive time sampling, measurement step, signals structural features, extrapolation, playback accuracy

The working conditions of spacecraft in the Earth's orbit are constantly changing. These changes are associated with the motion of spacecraft in orbit, the instability of the solar radiation flux, and also with processes in the terrestrial ionosphere. Many of these processes are predictable and most are determined by electronic and optical equipment. The range of changes in external influences is very large. Limitations on the weight and dimensions of space vehicles do not allow to provide absolute protection of electronic means from external influences from space.

Keywords: Devices for protection against electrostatic discharges, interference immunity, electromagnetic compatibility, protection against electrostatic discharges, design methods, hierarchy of protective equipment

Drying module is a part of any modern gas analysing device. Using the Peltier elements for cooling the gas probe in druying module is a known technical solution. Peltier elements are very energy-intensive things. So the task of calculation of amount of electrical energy which is needed for predetermined temperature decline of gas probe is very topical. The solution of this task is given in the article. With formulas for partial pressure of vapour we can calculate the humidity of gas at the output of drying module. Then we can find the temperature of gas. Finally using the heat balance equation and nomogramms we can calculate the voltage for Peltier element.

Keywords: Peltier element, gas probe, drying process, gas analyzer, heat balance, partial pressure of vapour

Contact network work in winter conditions is much more difficult than usual. The most hard contact network mode of operation is the mode of ice with wind, which increase wind and ice load on wires and cables, reference and supporting structures. Ice loading on the wires and wind effects significantly impair the conditions of current pick-off and coupled with operational factors can cause an accident and lead to a trains stop. From this perspective the detection of glaze-ice and rime deposition in the early stages with its minimal thickness becomes of vital importance. The article examines the methods of early detection of icing which are used on the transmission lines and the ability of these methods to be used in the contact network. The terms of the contact network and power lines are different that’s why not all methods used on the transmission lines can be used. The thermodynamic method of determining the ice is observed as the main. The set of equipment that implements this method and the installation option on the contact network part have been represented.

Keywords: overhead construction, contact wire, span wire, icing, workload, detection system, control methods, glaze-ice and rime deposition, power dispatcher, the thickness of the deposits, wire breakage, information

The results of an analytical study of diffraction of surface waves in anisotropic gradient open planar structures were presented in this work. The solutions of the wave equation and the possible values ​​of the constants of propagation for waves in the complex plane transverse wave numbers were found. We obtained a graphical expression of the reflection coefficient of the first guided magnetic modes from the given size of the cross-structure for different values ​​of the gradient parameters in the transverse profiles of the elements of the dielectric tensor of waveguide layer. We finally showed the possibility of practical applications of all results.

Keywords: compositional structure, waves of the discrete spectrum, the gradient tensor of the dielectric suseptibulity, the reflection coefficient of the first magnetic modes

At present, field programmable gate arrays are in high demand at design of automation and control devices. The basis of field programmable gate array logic element is the generator of functions of N variables, which is often called Look-up Table (LUT). LUT is based on a multiplexer and constructed as a tree of elementary multiplexers 2:1. LUT tuning is realizing by loading the constants to the inputs of static random access memory. At the article the simplest LUT with one variable is analyzed in detail. But the existing logical element has a deficiency. It is that M LUTs are required to implement M logic functions. In the CMOS transistors used in the LUT, drain nodes and sources are equivalent which allows reversing the signals. Based on this, there is proposed the LUT decoder (DC-LUT). A detailed description of the DC-LUT is provided at the article. The implementation of DC-LUT with a large number of variables is also considered. The proposed structure of DC-LUT allows implementing a system of logical functions that depend on conjunctions of a perfect disjunctive normal form more effective, in contrast with the existing solution.

Keywords: field-programmable gate array, look-up table, the system of logical functions, perfect disjunctive normal form

Abstract: The analysis of absolute stability is reduced to solving the problem of the distribution of the roots of a real polynomial with respect to the unit circle.Televisions recurrent expressions for by the computer to determine the coefficients for a system of arbitrary order. The machine is a technique for solving the problem of the distribution of the roots of the polynomial by computing determinants innorov and counting the number of sign changes in the ranks of the special values innornyh determinants whose elements are uniquely associated with the parameters of the system under study. To calculate determinants of matrices of values can be reduced to a triangular form, using the Gaussian elimination algorithm. However, a special kind of matrix (the presence of the left triangle of zeros) provides extremely effective double triangulyarizatsii algorithm that allows to determine the values innorov by computers with minimal cost.

Keywords: Keywords: nonlinear pulse systems, the calculation of the coefficients of polynoms, building innornyh matrices, determination of absolute stability on the basis of analysis of the distribution of the roots of the polynomial by computing determinants innor

The use of a self-timed look up table is explored in order to realize systems of logical functions. The self-timed look up table is modeled in its operational and spacer stages in NI Multisim 10 electronic schematic capture and simulation program by National Instruments Electronics Workbench Group. Efficiency of technical solution is confirmed. Systems of logical functions are described in a principal disjunctive normal form. The problems are set for further research.

Keywords: self-timed curcuit, CMOS transistor, paraphase channel, logical functional system, look up table (LUT), inverter, operating stage, spacer stage, logical element, principal disjunctive normal form (PDNF)

The article deals with the role of optimal number of protected connection canals from the point of you of economics and their orifitability quantity. The quantity of the profitability norm which should be obeyed at directed calculation is considered from the attitude of a person making decisions considering required level of information security. Here is the example of optimal calculation from the point of you of maximal profitability of he numbers of protected canals of data transmission.

Keywords: information security, secure channel of communication, closed channel of data transfer, profitability norm, optimum number of channels, obtaining information

In this paper we consider the question of creating a secure data environment in an organization based on technology VLC (Visible light communication) with the use of PLC (Power line communication) modem. The study analyzes the domestic and foreign literature and patent documents, which confirmed the relevance of the subject and the need to improve and adapt technologies to local organizations, grounded potentially better protection against unauthorized access to data in comparison with wired and Wi-Fi networks The structural scheme of realizing data transmission based VLC technology involving the use of LED light sources as a transmitter of a communication system with the integration of PLC interface. Using the PLC interface simplifies installation and implementation of the VLC transmitter modules, since the data signal is supplied to the latter on power lines providing power lighting. An assessment of conditions based on the technology transfer system functioning VLC with PLC interface, found that at the lowest acceptable signal / noise ratio equal to 6 dB bandwidth of the channel is equal to 8Mbit / s, and the bit error rate tends to zero. The research results can be used by VLC technology building enterprise network to the PLC interface, also find application for further study of this technology.

Keywords: vlc, li-fi,plc, visible light communication, modulation, receiver module, transmitter module, optical signal

The mathematical basics of the non-classical approach to the logical synthesis of k-valued digital structures, based on the replacement of the classic mathematical apparatus of logic synthesis (Boolean algebra) to the proposed mathematical apparatus - linear algebra are considered. The limiting properties of Boolean algebra, preventing further improve the technical ICs characteristics are discussed. One of the possible directions of overcoming these properties is the transition to a multi-valued logic. A new in a logical synthesis concept of linear synthesis of digital structures is proposed. A strong definition of linear algebra and its basic properties are shown. The logic synthesis process of two valued and multi-valued digital structures in linear algebra, including the formation of bases of a linear space, the original representation of the implemented logical function, obtaining decomposition of logic function according to the system of basis vectors are considered.

Keywords: multi-valued logic, Boolean algebra, linear algebra, linear logic synthesis, linear digital structures, bases of the linear space, decomposition of logic functions, logical variable, logical synthesis, digital logical elements

In the article elements of the distributed systems using the principle of scanning for analog digital conversion and a data interchange are considered. The main attention is paid to the unrolling analog digital conversion of signals with further restoration of analog data with the given accuracy. Distinctive feature of the unrolling conversion is that value of counting of a signal contains information on time from the beginning of conversion. The formulas connecting value of counting of an analog signal over time of counting taking are given in article. This feature is used further for upgrade of formulas of Lagrange. In operation restoration of analog signals with use of formulas of Lagrange after their sampling on time using the unrolling analog digital conversion is considered. It is shown that use of the upgraded Lagrange's formulas doesn't lead to increase in computing expenses, but requires for restoration only value of counting.

Keywords: analog digital conversion, scanning analog digital conversion, restoration of analog signals, restoration of signals with use of formulas of Lagrange

Temperature correction of natural gas volume is considered. Article was proove the positive econoimic effect for end consumer of the usage accounting units with temperature correction. Was descrided the technical issues of gas temperature measurements and mathematical expressions for indirect measurenets.

Keywords: temperature correction, temperature compensation, bringing gas to standard conditions, natural gas accounting unit, indirect temperature measurement of gases

The paper describes the wireless network organization of accounting units of energy resources and water as a part of automated complex. Shows the architecture of the whole complex of accounting, recording and analysis of energy consumption. Were highlited the key points in terms of complex reliability. Was given the analysis of the various options for multiple access to the wireless media, described the advantages and disadvantages of each of them.

Keywords: automated system of control and accounting of energy resources, wireless technology, multiple access to the radio channel, energy accounting device.

This paper analyzes two types of automatic flow measuring systems, energy resources and water produced in Russia and in other countries. The main features of the division scheme constructionof for systems with the collection of telemetry data in Energosbyt and based on the counters with programmable smart cards and the ability to load switching. The advantages and disadvantages of such systems are considered. The article presents the basic elements of modern automated flow measuring systems, energy resources and water: counters and power, as well as data collection and transmission device; communication and communication equipment; A computer with special software installed; Software for data exchange measurements with other companies or electricity supplier; Software for predicting energy consumption and water.

Keywords: automated system of control and accounting of energy resources, wireless technology, multiple access to the radio channel, energy accounting device.

The article proposes to use to describe the polar equations of nonlinear resistive two-terminal corresponding differential equations. This simplifies the implementation of non-linear resistors based on analog-digital-analog element. Constant coefficients in the mathematical model are treated as constants of integration. Therefore, the element setting the desired current-voltage characteristic is accomplished by setting appropriate initial conditions.

Keywords: Non-linear element, a mathematical model, pole equation, the differential form

The article introduces the concept deployer of high speed analog-to-digital conversion to reduce the dynamic error of the 2nd kind. It is shown that the use of high-speed deployer conversion leads to unequal capture samples of the signal. Considered the ratio of the period of the capture signal samples at a uniform sampling rate and sampling using high-speed deployer conversion, for a given interpolation error. The estimated coefficient linking the period of the uniform sampling and the period razvarivaya functions. It is shown that the recovery of signals by the Lagrange polynomial of the first degree and the use of high-speed deployer conversion, the scan period must be two times less than the period of the capture signal samples at a uniform sampling.

Keywords: the dynamic error of the 2nd kind, the discretization of signals in time, razvenchivayuschie analog-to-digital conversion, the period razvarivaya functions

An approach to the development of software for integrated accounting system, recording and analysis of the consumption of energy and water by industrial enterprises and objects of housing and communal services. This system solves the problem of unification of the various hardware components in a single unit. To develop such software were analyzed existing systems in the market. In the proposed approach, a special place is given to the development of service software. The basic properties of the software, its main components and functional features. The main feature is the presence of analytical software, which allows on the basis of the data obtained to predict the state of the system as a whole.

Keywords: automated metering system of energy and water, software, tools, utility software, analytics software

Every year the number of users of the global network Internet. Due to the rapid pace of development of portable technology is the most relevant method of Internet connection is a wireless connection. In a Wi-Fi network provides for the use of the access method to a common transmission medium CSMA/CA. The method is probabilistic in nature, which ing does not guarantee a successful message transmission in the case of high inten-zivnosti network traffic. For this reason, networks that use this access method, are ill-suited to address control tasks in real time. Some modification of the access algorithm CSMA/CA eliminate such disadvantages of Wi-Fi networks, such as: - inability to use such networks for solving control tasks in real time; -.the inability of priority service subscribers. In the article the results of researches of possibility of correction of the access method CSMA/CA by applying an intermediate driver in the stack of network drivers.

Keywords: intermediate driver, access method, wireless network, collision, medium

Thermoresistors nowadays are used not only as parts of temperature sensors and flowmeters but they are used as components of starting and control devices. Use of low-powered thermoresistors as starting and control devices parts needs a lot of devices that reduces equipment reliability. Current step-up running through motor-starting devices simplifies control circuit. For using thermoresistors in electric circuits with high-discharge rate it is necessary to use special constructions in order not to let termoresistor body be overheated. Thermoresistor expansion results in changing of thermal fields distribution pattern inside this semiconductor. The authors show calculated characteristics which let determine proportions and shapes of semiconductor subject to thermoresistor temperature.

Keywords: high power thermoresistors, thermoresistors of coaxial type, current density, temperature, analogy criterion, thermal conductance, temperature gradient, thermal field, stability criterion

The efficiency of algorithms for adaptive time sampling (ATS) compared to the uniform time sampling (UTS) is defined in this property the analog signal as its compressibility. In order theoretical estimates of the compressibility of the measuring signals discusses the dependence of the current beat of the measure under ideal in terms of quality playback ATS from the dynamic properties of the signal. Signal recovery after ATS is made by extrapolation by a polynomial of n-th degree. The quality of approximation is determined according to the criterion of uniform approximation. For the extended area of the margin of error of reproduction is proposed as the dynamic properties of the signal to use its structural properties. In the case of a polynomial of the 0-th degree obtained functional dependence of the current measure measurement of the structural properties of the signal, allowing it to determine the average quantum duration of the measurement for ATS.

Keywords: Analog-to-digital conversion, adaptive time sampling, cycle measurement, coefficient of reducing the number of samples, the structural properties of the signal

The article considers the problem of secrecy in the distribution of the encryption key. The structure of the stand quantum cryptographic network based on commercial autocompensation quantum key distribution system with phase coding states of photons was proposed. The process of integration a quantum key in encryption protocols telecommunications network are described. The results of experimental studies on the use of quantum keys in a data network.

Keywords: Quantum key, cryptography, protocol, telecommunications network, encryption.

Pedestrian navigation systems with redundant number of inertial information sensors have a great potential in reliability, measurement accuracy and low level of noise. Therefore the aim of this article is to investigate the features of constructing the inertial measurement unit comprising the redundant number of the primary information sensors. To achieve this goal, the mathematical model of the measurement unit implemented as a square pyramid with combined sensors of the acceleration, angular velocity and magnetic field strength on its faces was first analyzed. Then, the data processing algorithm of the measurement module was discussed. Finally, the conclusion is made about the feasibility of using the considered redundant measurement unit as the sensing element of a miniature pedestrian navigation systems to provide improved navigation performance.

Keywords: accelerometer, gyroscope, redundancy, inertial navigation, inertial measurement module, aggregation, magnitometer, micromechanical sensor, wearable electronics, personal navigation

A new device is offered for the analysis of motor oil contamination of the internal combustion engine with dispersed particles. To enhance the information content of the output data and the possibility of the continuous automated monitoring, as well as improve the accuracy, efficiency and reliability of the measurement device uses opto-electronic method of analysis of pollution of motor oils based on a method of ""spot test"".

Keywords: lubricant, optico-electronic device, the internal combustion engine, motor oil, methods for analyzing contamination, optical inspection method

The new approach to the organization of the fault-tolerant self-organizing network of mesh topology is described in the article. As nodes of a network the devices integrating transceiving and computing modules that allows to implement means of a network not only transmission, but also distributed processing of the sent data are considered. For determination of an optimum route of data transfer on a network the numerical metrics considering length and calculating capacity of the nodes entering a route is defined. The offered metrics allows to create effectively routes on a network taking into account possibility of distributed processing of information on the intermediate nodes of a network. Based on the offered approaches the program model of a distributed processing network of difficult technological objects is realized.

Keywords: Distributed processing, mesh-networks, networks of mesh topology, routing, fault-tolerant networks