In connection with the revival of interest in wooden housing construction in Russia, the creation of specialized software systems for the calculation and design of buildings and structures made of wood is becoming relevant. One of the most popular systems in the world is light-frame housing construction. As one of the possible tools for automated design of light-frame wooden buildings, this article presents the FrameCAD program, developed at the Department of Metal, Wood and Plastic Structures of the Don State Technical University. Some of its capabilities are presented, allowing you to design wall fences of light-frame buildings, beamed wooden floors, perform calculations of individual frame elements taking into account the requirements of current regulatory documents and automatically generate albums of drawings of wooden structures in the domestic NormCAD program, as well as specifications for them factory made. FrameCAD has been tested in the design of a number of objects. The software product is developed by engineers who have many years of experience in the actual design and construction of light-frame buildings. It continues to be improved and supplemented, and in the future it may become a replacement for similar foreign complexes.

Keywords: wooden structures, software package, wall panels, beam overlap, automated calculation

The Russian Federation is a multi-religious state, which has recently seen an increase in the construction of various religious buildings. At the same time, the bulk of the churches being built are small buildings, located, as a rule, in villages and small towns and designed for simultaneous visits by up to 120-150 parishioners. Various materials are used for their construction, including wood. Usually these are log or block buildings, but it is also possible to use other wooden housing construction systems, including light frame ones. The theoretically possible remoteness of towns and villages from large district and regional centers, the impossibility of delivering large-sized beams and logs, the lack of their own production base and other factors lead to the need to use ordinary boards in wooden frame structures. As an example, we consider the construction of the Church of the Transfiguration of the Lord in one of the farms in the Rostov region, the load-bearing structures of which are made using light-frame house-building technology. The presence of open space in the central part of the Temple and the placement of an octagon-shaped superstructure above it required the use of a supporting structure made of steel I-beams. Thus, the structure of the Temple frame is a metal-wood system. The article shows that the combined use of steel and wood in light-frame buildings ensures a rational organization of the space of religious buildings.

Keywords: religious building, temple, belfry, octagon, narthex, altar, wood, light frame building, beam, I-beam, supporting structure

Steel roof trusses are the main type of load-bearing structures used in the roofing of industrial buildings. Among them, trusses of the “Molodechno” type have become widespread, in which closed bent-welded profiles of square and rectangular cross sections are used as rods. The use of this type of rolled product makes it possible to create structures without gussets and connecting strips, with a maximum degree of process automation, which significantly reduces labor intensity and reduces the cost of their production. Another feature of the coatings under consideration is their non-running solution. The trusses are located in 4m increments, supported by rafter structures. However, in such a situation, the loads on the truss and the forces in the elements are small, and therefore, and also taking into account the limited range of bent-welded profiles, understressing of the truss elements and excessive consumption of metal are likely. Three variants of coatings with different pitches of trusses were considered, and the metal consumption per square meter of coating was determined. It has been proven that with increasing pitch of trusses, the metal consumption of coatings decreases.

Keywords: "Molodechno", rafter truss, sub-rafter truss, continuous purlin, lattice purlin, truss pitch, metal consumption

To create composite building materials with a polymer matrix, various fillers of both plant (wood-polymer composites - WPC) and mineral (mineral-polymer composites - MPC) origin can be used. The article evaluates the feasibility of using twelve different minerals in MPC from the standpoint of strength, cost and weight of the resulting materials in comparison with similar indicators of WPC. By sequentially considering each of the evaluated parameters, the sample of fillers is reduced by excluding combinations with characteristics worse than those of the reference material - a wood-polymer binary composite consisting of wood flour and polypropylene. It has been shown that one of the most effective mineral fillers can be waste from construction industry enterprises, as well as structures recycled during the demolition of buildings and structures.

Keywords: composite, matrix, filler, mineral, wood flour, dust, cost, volumetric weight, strength, elastic modulus, Poisson's ratio

An engineering technique for determining the bearing capacity of reinforced bending elements of building structures made of a binary composite material with a multi-modulus, nonlinearly elastic polypropylene matrix and powder filler is described. Information about various approaches to solving the problem proposed by other researchers is given. The author's method for obtaining the predicted physical and mechanical characteristics of binary composite materials is described, which gives more accurate results compared to known approaches. An algorithm for iterative refinement of the geometric characteristics of structural elements with an arbitrary cross section and a non-linearly elastic matrix has been developed. A computer program is described that automates the process of characterization, examples of specific cross sections are given. The possibility of refining the geometric characteristics of elements in the direction of their increase is proved.

Keywords: composites, matrix, filler, non-linear elastic material, armature, iterative process, computer program, beam, I-beam, geometric characteristics

An engineering technique for predicting the main physical characteristics of multicomponent composite materials with a polypropylene matrix is ​​described. The technique is based on the calculated dependences obtained for a binary composite. Calculation formulas for determining the modulus of elasticity and Poisson's ratio of an artificial material are given. An algorithm for applying the proposed formulas is described, which consists in successively obtaining the desired characteristics, each time considering a two-component composite and taking as the initial material a composition of a polymer matrix and one of the fillers. A specific example shows that the order in which fillers are taken into account does not affect the final result. The proposed technique can significantly reduce the design time for new materials and will make it possible to reduce the number of real experiments. The difference between the theoretical results and the data of physical experiments does not exceed 10–15%.

Keywords: composites, matrix, filler, polypropylene, wood flour, chalk, modulus of elasticity, Poisson's ratio

Warehouse buildings with timber frame are widely used in agriculture. At the same time, foreign solutions are often used in the Russian Federation, for example, hangars of the "Hansen Pole Buildings" type (USA). The wooden frame of such buildings consists of plank racks, installed, as a rule, with a pitch of 2.4 meters and trusses with nodal connections on metal toothed plates. The truss pitch is 1.2 meters. The supporting structures of the covering are supported by longitudinal girders located in the upper part of the posts. In order to adapt the structure of the building to domestic standards, a hangar calculator was developed, implemented in the Microsoft Excel program. The calculator provides the ability to calculate not only posts and girders, but also braces, wall and roof girders. With the help of the calculator, the structures of several warehouse buildings have been calculated and buildings have beeh built.

Keywords: timber, warehouse building, calculator, metal toothed plates

During designing unique buildings, great attention is paid to the correct setting of operational loads. When determining the wind load for particularly difficult cases, it is proposed to blow models of objects in a wind tunnel. In the case of using virtual models, the main tool is the ANSYS complex. This complex belongs to the "heavy" scientific programs, therefore, for building structures, the SolidWorks software package can be convenient. The article describes the simulation of variable height wind impact on a unique building in this program. The loading of a three-dimensional model of a high-rise building with cantilevered floors was carried out and the law of distribution of static pressure on a complex object was established by blowing the model in a virtual wind tunnel. In this case, the modeling process itself is simpler and more convenient than in ANSYS.

Keywords: Unique building, wind load, wind tunnel, building frame, finite element method. pressure console floor

The five industrial innovative building systems for the construction of low-rise buildings of the binary composite materials with a polymer or mineral matrix and particulate filler are proposed. Recommendations to reduce the time construction of buildings, taking into account the characteristics of composite products and modern technology installation sites using both traditional approaches, and due process of building robotics are given.

Keywords: composite, matrix, filler, low-rise building, construction system, a universal set, "dry" construction, industrial robot, manipulator prefabrication building