This article presents a new developed calculation methodology, which includes provisions for standard calculations and takes into account the peculiarities of the operation of eccentrically compressed reinforced concrete structures operating at large eccentricities of load application. Adjustments have been made to the calculation methodology to take into account the following factors: the standard methodology uses the maximum tensile strength of reinforcement; proposals have been developed to determine the actual resistance of tensile reinforcement, which, in fact, will be significantly lower than the limit. Proposals are given that take into account the limiting deformations of concrete, which, in turn, will be a key quantity for determining the resistance of tensile reinforcement in the cross section. The article also presents the results of experimental studies of a flexible reinforced concrete pillar operating with a load eccentricity equal to e0 = 0.32h. Theoretical calculations and experimental studies were analyzed and appropriate conclusions were drawn.A formula has been developed to determine the real resistance of the stretched metal reinforcement at the time preceding destruction. The calculation algorithm has been compiled. When comparing theoretical and experimental strength, the difference did not exceed 5%.

Keywords: steel, heavy concrete, reinforced concrete, testing, stand

The issues of preserving existing green spaces and other elements of the natural landscape during new construction are considered. Methods for preserving perennial plantings throughout the entire course of construction are proposed. If it is impossible to save the tree at the construction site, a method of transplanting it to another place is proposed. It is proposed at the stage of design and survey work to identify healthy trees that do not grow on the site allocated for a building (structure) under construction. Then solve the problem of locating the object on the ground in such a way as to preserve healthy perennial trees as much as possible. To do this, it is necessary to carry out the removal of the object to the area, moving it as far as possible from healthy trees. The distance required to protect the tree from external influences during work is equal to the projection of the crown on the ground plus 1.5 m. At this distance, it is recommended to make stationary fences for each tree. A tree transplantation scheme and a method for calculating its weight for the selection of equipment for digging and transportation have been developed.

Keywords: landscaping, construction, tree, tree transplanting, asphalting