The modeling heavy metal transfer by the ground source to the lower boundaries of the soil is considered. The transfer process is described by a system of equations included the Navier-Stokes equation, the k-ε model and the nonstationary diffusion equation. The initial and boundary conditions are given at the boundaries of the air and liquid in the soil flow, also in the air-ground contact zone, which are necessary for solving the boundary value problem. The results of numerical simulation obtained using the ANSYS fluent program are shown. The result analysis is based on the comparison of numerical modelling and long-term observations data around the hydroelectric power plant.

Keywords: k-ε model, diffusion equation, numerical modelling, ANSYS, Novocherkasskiy hydroelectric power plant

"We studied heavy loamy calcareous ordinary chernozem developed from the loess-like loam at the Donskoe training farm in Rostov oblast. Samples from the plow (0–20 cm) layer were used in the experiment. The soil samples were contaminated with 300 mg/kg of Cu, Zn and Pb introduced in combination. The metals were introduced in the form of acetates. In was showed that under static conditions, ammonium acetate does not extract the entire stock of mobile elements. In dynamic conditions Cu, Zn и Pb were more extracted. The degree of extractable metals by ammonium acetate buffer from the soil in background and polluted soil can be presented in a series: Zn> Pb> Cu."

Keywords: soil, readsorbtion, heavy metals, zinc, copper, lead, extraction

The absorption of copper, zinc and lead ordinary chernozem loam with a changing ratio of the solid and liquid soil phases. It is shown that an increase in the ratio of 2 times solid and liquid phase adsorption capacity and retention strength of copper, zinc and lead on the surface of soil particles increases due elektroselektivnosti.

Keywords: soil adsorption, copper, zinc, lead, ratio solid and liquid phases

The influence of attendant anions on the transformation of zinc compounds in the soil was studied in a model experiment. The differences in the number of mobile forms of recoverable zinc in the soil, depending on its dose and form of addition were defined. Influence of associated anions on the content of metals mobile forms in the soil decreases in the order: PO42¯≈ Cl¯ > NO3¯ > SO42¯> СН3СОО¯> О¯. Transformation of zinc compounds during 2-year period after the receipt of the metal in the soil has been studied.  There is no soil stabilization in ratio form for two years studying, indicating the low speeds transformation of metal compounds with soil components. Transformation of Zn in soil depends on the attendant anion, metal concentration in soil and time interaction with the solid phase of soils. The transformation process of metal adsorbed the soil goes toward to decrease of Zn mobility.

Keywords: transformation, ordinary chernozem, zinc, attendant anion