The article describes the mathematical foundations of time-frequency analysis of signals using the algorithms Empirical Mode Decomposition (EMD), Intrinsic Time-Scale Decomposition (ITD) and Variational Mode Decomposition (VMD). Synthetic and real signals distorted by additive white Gaussian noise with different signal-to-noise ratio are considered. A comprehensive comparison of the EMD, ITD and VMD algorithms has been performed. The possibility of using these algorithms in the tasks of signal denoising and spectral analysis is investigated. The estimation of algorithm execution time and calculation stability is performed.

Keywords: time-frequency analysis, denoising, decomposition, mode, Hilbert-Huang transformation, Empirical Mode Decomposition, Intrinsic Time-Scale Decomposition, Variational Mode Decomposition