The purpose of the study is to focus on the need to introduce the concept of a cyber attack as an emergency situation to reduce the number of cyber threats in institutions, organizations and enterprises when using modern information technologies. The study is devoted to the analysis of cyber attacks on people’s life support facilities in the world and in Russia, in particular. Currently, the media in different countries of the modern world are talking about the avalanche growth in the number of cyber-attacks; this makes information security one of the most important issues in the activities of government agencies and production facilities. The problem of information security is studied in detail, taking into account the consequences of cyber attacks on technological systems in all spheres of human activity.

Keywords: cybersecurity, cyber emergency, monitoring, Zero Trust model, cyber insurance

The situation of occurrence, identification and management of risks arising during the construction process is analyzed. Uncertainty of decision-making in construction projects involves the creation of methods that ensure the reliability of decisions and their effectiveness. Such a method was developed in the Russian Project Management Association. The paper provides an example of using this method on a real construction site. An analysis of risks arising during the implementation of a construction project was conducted, a risk map was created for this project and the PERT method was applied when creating a calendar plan.

Keywords: uncertainty, risk event, probability, risk, damage, danger, reliability, risk analysis, investment and construction project, PERT method

Models and a software package have been developed that allow for the analysis of counterparties for the probability of fulfilling government contracts. A comparative analysis of machine learning models has been conducted: logistic regression, decision forest, clustering, and neural network. A software package has been developed that allows for contract forecasting. A computational experiment has been conducted to analyze counterparties taking into account contracts that have been fulfilled or not completed by them. The best model has been established, demonstrating a forecast accuracy of 97.89% by the accuracy metric.

Keywords: mathematical modeling, cybersecurity, intelligent models, financial sector, government contracts, information infrastructure

In the course of the conducted studies, the microhardness of both the base metal and the boundaries of the fusion and deposited protective coating were evaluated. Attention is paid to the factors influencing the microhardness level depending on the height of the protective coating of the sample. To visualize the collected data, diagrams were created illustrating the distribution of microhardness in the source material and the protective layer obtained using supersonic gas-powder surfacing.

Keywords: deposited layer, supersonic gas-powder surfacing, fusion boundaries, microhardness

The paper proposes a two-stage method of training a robot based on demonstrations, combining a diffusion generative model and online additional training using the method of Proximal Policy Optimization. In the offline phase, the diffusion model uses a limited set of expert demonstrations and generates synthetic "pseudo-demonstrations", allowing to expand the variability and coverage of the original dataset. This eliminates the narrow specialization of the strategy and increases its ability to generalize. In the online phase, a robot with a pre-trained strategy adjusts its actions in a real environment (or in a high-precision simulation), which significantly reduces the risks of unsafe actions and reduces the number of necessary interactions. Additionally, parametrically efficient pre-tuning has been introduced, reducing computational costs for online learning, as well as value guidance that focuses the generation of new data on areas of states and actions with high Q scores. Experiments on tasks from the D4RL set (Hopper, Walker2d, HalfCheetah) show that our approach achieves the greatest accumulated reward with lower computational costs compared to alternatives. T-SNE analysis indicates a shift of synthetic data in the area of space with high Q scores, contributing to accelerated learning. The results obtained confirm the prospects of the proposed method for robotic applications, where it is important to combine the limited volume of demonstrations, the safety and effectiveness of the online phase.

Keywords: robot learning from demonstrations, diffusion generative models, reinforcement learning, Proximal Policy Optimization

The influence of the diffraction divergence of an acoustic beam on the characteristics of a single-channel acousto-optic correlator (AOC) is considered. A mathematical model is being developed to optimize the divergence of the acoustic beam of a single-channel acousto-optic correlator. It is shown that it boils down to amplitude and phase modulation of the pulse response of the device, and the nature of the parasitic modulation turns out to be invariant to the type of the correlator reference signal. As a result of numerical calculations, dependences were obtained that allow us to quantify the effect of diffraction divergence on the operation of the ACS. Methods of compensation for parasitic modulation are proposed, which makes it possible to improve the functionality of acousto-optic correlators.

Keywords: diffraction divergence of an acoustic beam, mathematical model of an acousto-optic correlator, ultrasonic light modulator, electroacoustic transducer, reference transparency

This article presents a study aimed at evaluating the use of the Matlab Simulink software environment for the development of microcontroller systems of the STM32 family. The possibilities of Simulink in the field of modeling and testing control algorithms, as well as in generating code that can be directly applied to microcontrollers, are analyzed. The article describes in detail the process of creating conceptual models and their dynamic modeling. The advantages of using Simulink include speeding up the development process through automated assembly and the ability to adjust model parameters in real time. In addition, Simulink allows you to generate processor-optimized code, which significantly increases the efficiency of microcontroller systems. However, attention is also drawn to some limitations associated with using Simulink, such as the need to create a configuration file in STM32CubeMX and potential difficulties in configuring it. The article provides an in-depth analysis of the application of Simulink in the context of the development of STM32 microcontrollers and can become a key material for those who want to deepen their knowledge in this area.

Keywords: model-oriented programming, MatLab, Simulink, STM32, microcontroller, code generation, automatic control system, DC motor

The method of determining the stress-strain state of metal poles of power transmission lines during the technical examination of electric grid facilities is analyzed. An example of a calculation using the automatic LIRA software package is given. The most stressed sections of structures are determined. The calculated method confirms the hypothesis that the triangular cross-section of the traverse of the portal intermediate support of the 500 kV overhead line is more economical (more efficient) than a tetrahedral (classical) cross section.

Keywords: building structures, metal structures, energy facilities, stress-strain state, technical expertise

The article proposes the use of intelligent methods for predicting the reliability of contract execution as a key element of the system for ensuring information security of the critical infrastructure of financial sector organizations. Based on the analysis of historical data and the use of machine learning methods, a comprehensive model for assessing and predicting the risks of failure or poor performance of contracts by suppliers has been developed. It is shown how the use of predictive analytics can improve the efficiency of information security risk management, optimize planning and resource allocation, and make informed decisions when interacting with suppliers of critical services and equipment.

Keywords: intelligent system, predictive analytics, information security, critical infrastructure, financial sector, contract execution, machine learning

On the basis of the analysis of tourist infrastructure objects location the influence of tourist flow seasonality on the number of temporary population of resort towns is shown. The relationship between the level of urban infrastructure development and seasonality of tourist flows is revealed.

Keywords: urban planning objects, engineering and transportation infrastructure, temporary population, tourist flow, seasonality, types of tourism

In the article, a floating liquefied natural gas plant located on a marine gravity platform in the Murmansk region was chosen as the object of research. The results of the development and selection of optimal concrete compositions using fiber fillers and modifying additives are presented. A set of works has been performed to determine the effect of basalt fiber fibers, as well as plasticizing additives on the structure and strength of fine-grained fiber concrete. Their advantages are shown and proposed for use in the constructions of tank hulls and other objects on a marine gravity platform.

Keywords: fibroconcrete, gas storage tanks, gravity platform, basalt fiber, superplasticizer

The article offers a variant of the development of lighting design projects for outdoor architectural lighting. Based on the modeling of light distribution in the DIALux 4.13 program, brushes have been created using specific lighting devices that simulate lighting effects from real lighting devices. A variant of the sketch of outdoor architectural lighting using Adobe Photoshop has been created with the implementation of local lighting techniques using the example of a drama theater building. Using a three-dimensional model of the object, a light design project was created in the DIALux EVO program. The proposed method of creating sketches is useful in professional activities related to the development of sketches of lighting design projects based on their high-quality photographs without the need to develop three-dimensional models, for conceptual proposals of fragments of the urban light environment and landscape territories. Having developed a base of brushes (based on real light distributions of lighting devices), it is possible to create sketches of architectural lighting of buildings that implement various lighting techniques.

Keywords: adobe photoshop, dialux 4.13, dialux evo, sketch, brush, building facade, outdoor architectural lighting, lighting effect, lighting technique, architectural lighting concept

In this paper, heat transfer in a staggered tube bundle under steady and pulsating flow conditions is analyzed using numerical simulation. The numerical study was conducted for tube bundles with 5, 10, and 15 longitudinal rows. The Reynolds number Re and the Prandtl number Pr were 3400 and 3 respectively. Flow pulsations were characterized by both symmetrical and asymmetrical reciprocating flow. The effect of pulsations was estimated using the product of the relative dimensionless pulsation amplitude and the Strouhal number A/DSh, which corresponded to values of 0.1, 0.25, and 0.4. The numerical study was conducted using Ansys Fluent. The flow hydrodynamics in the tube bundle was described using the Reynolds-averaged unsteady Navier-Stokes equations. Based on the results of numerical simulation, it was found that the effect of pulsations on heat transfer in the tube bundle varies depending on the number of longitudinal rows. It is shown that an increase in the number of rows leads to a decrease in the Nusselt number ratio in a pulsating flow compared to a steady flow. It is established that the thermal-hydraulic efficiency increases with an increase in the number of rows. It is shown that asymmetric pulsations are more effective than symmetric ones for intensifying heat transfer when taking into account energy costs

Keywords: heat transfer intensification, staggered tube bundle, heat transfer, numerical simulation, flow pulsations

Since 2017, EVRAZ ZSMK JSC has been developing and operating a mathematical model covering all processing stages from ore extraction to final products – SMM Forecast. The model will be used to calculate technical cases, plans, and parity prices for iron ore and coal, and its use brought more than 200 million rubles of economic effect in 2020 alone. The use of a universal mathematical model made it possible in 2023 to begin the development of a module for daily optimization of an agglomeration factory and blast furnace production. The article discusses the experience of EVRAZ ZSMK JSC in the development and implementation of a daily planning system based on the monthly planning model of SMM Forecast, as well as methods for achieving an acceptable speed of multi-period optimization. The SMM Forecast system was originally designed for end-to-end, scenario-based calculation of the main raw materials from ore and coal to finished products in a volumetric monthly planning. The system uses optimization algorithms to search for a global target function to maximize margin income under specified constraints. The mathematical model of redistribution uses the norms and technologies specified in the company's regulatory documents. At the same time, the model is universal and the transfer of algorithms from monthly to daily mode was carried out with minimal modifications. The article also discusses the difficulties encountered and various methods of solving these problems. The first problem faced by the developers was the low speed of optimization of the model in daily dynamics due to the strong complication of the optimization load. The calculation time has increased significantly, and to solve this problem, it took the introduction of a number of optimization cycles aimed at reducing the speed of solving equations, introducing variable boundaries, and determining starting points. As a result, the calculation time for one month was about 40 minutes. The second problem was the need to develop a complex supply management algorithm and optimize stacking at the sinter plant. As a result of solving this problem, a working tool has been developed that brings additional income to the enterprise.

Keywords: metallurgy, modeling, planning, daily planning, sintering plant, blast furnace shop, stacking

This article is dedicated to developing a method for diagnosing depression using the analysis of user behavior in a video game on the Unity platform. The method involves employing machine learning to train classification models based on data from gaming sessions of users with confirmed diagnoses of depression. As part of the research, users are engaged in playing a video game, during which their in-game behavior is analyzed using specific depression criteria taken from the DSM-5 diagnostic guidelines. Subsequently, this data is used to train and evaluate machine learning models capable of classifying users based on their in-game behavior. Gaming session data is serialized and stored in the Firebase Realtime Database in text format for further use by the classification model. Classification methods such as decision trees, k-nearest neighbors, support vector machines, and random forest methods have been applied. The diagnostic method in the virtual space demonstrates prospects for remote depression diagnosis using video games. Machine learning models trained based on gaming session data show the ability to effectively distinguish users with and without depression, confirming the potential of this approach for early identification of depressive states. Using video games as a diagnostic tool enables a more accessible and engaging approach to detecting mental disorders, which can increase awareness and aid in combating depression in society.

Keywords: videogame, unity, psychiatric diagnosis, depression, machine learning, classification, behavior analysis, in-game behavior, diagnosis, virtual space